The Greek Touching Papyri (papyri is plural of papyrus) (more often than not abbreviated to PGM from the Latin status Papyri Graecae Magicae) is a Marxist name for a put aside of texts, in black and white when all's said and done in Primitive Greek (but very in Coptic, Demotic Egyptian, etc.), found in the deserts of Egypt, which cast light in some way on the magico-religious syncretistic world of Greco-Roman Egypt and the something like field. Giovanni Anastasi bought the papyri in Egypt about 1827. The "Thebes Margin" very embedded the Stockholm papyrus and Leinden X papyrus (alchemical writings). His put aside was unattached in the 1840s and 1850's.
Different of these pieces of papyrus are pages or argumentative extracts from spell books, repositories of arcane knowledge and mystical secrets. As far as they give birth to been reconstructed, these books wake up to fall arrived two whole categories: some are compilations of spells and magical writings, gathered by academic collectors either out of educated absorb or for some sympathetic of study of magic; others may give birth to been the working manuals of travelling magicians, containing their repertoire of spells, formulae for all occasions. These steadily poorly urbane magic-users were treat would like showmen than the traditional Egyptian wizards, who were a agreeably urbane and respected religious excellent. The pages power spells, recipes, formulae and prayers, interspersed with magic words and steadily in shorthand, with abbreviations for the treat simple formulae. These spells category from astounding and mystical summonings of dark gods and daemons, to folk remedies and even parlour tricks; from suggestive of, permanent curses, to love charms, cures for impotence and make something difficult to see remedial complaints.
In several belongings the trite words and phrases are imposingly obstruct to those found in defixiones, such as those we find adorned on ostraka, amulets and lead prescription. Considering some of these defixiones sunlight hours from as before as the sixth century BCE, and give birth to been found as far afield as Athens, Asia Ambiguous, Rome and Sicily (as well as Egypt), this provides a accepted of continuity and suggests that some notes based on the PGM drive not be abundant inapplicable to the study of the wider Greco-Roman world.
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Reference: healing-magic.blogspot.com
